The Branch of Orthopedics and Associated Surgeries
Orthopedics is regarded as one of the well-known and important branches of medical science. Every year, thousands of people take help from the professionals of this department. Those who find problems with their bones, ligaments, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and some soft tissues have to consult an orthopedic surgeon or an orthopedist. All such components are counted under the musculoskeletal system. In short, the branch of orthopedics is committed to diagnose, prevent, care, and treat the problems of the musculoskeletal system. Various approaches are used to assist the patients in this department. For example, the condition can be treated using medicines, injections, or physical therapies. And when the cases are advanced, there is a need for orthopedic surgery.
Here, we
will discuss some of the important surgeries of this branch.
1. Joint Replacement Surgery
One of
the widely used and effective treatment options in orthopedics is joint
replacement surgery. It is used to treat joint problems that usually occur due
to arthritis. To assist the patient in eliminating pain and limited motion, the
surgeon removes out the damaged bone and cartilage from the joint and then
places artificial stuff called prosthesis. Almost every joint can be replaced
by an expert orthopedic surgeon. But this procedure is mainly done on the hip
and knee joints.
2. Arthroscopy
This is
a renowned minimally invasive orthopedic surgery that is used to diagnose and
treat joint issues. During arthroscopic surgery, a small cut is made in the
joint side. Subsequently, there is an insertion of a thin telescope with an
attachment of a camera. That camera conveys the internal view in the video
monitor by which the surgeon could know what's troubling the patient. If the
problem proves to be minor, he can treat it by using smaller instruments. It
can be used for numerous joints but is mainly preferred for the knee and
shoulder.
3. ACL Reconstruction Surgery
Ligaments
are known to be fibrous connective tissues that connect bones to bones. Inside
a knee joint, there are four main ligaments. Out of which, ACL or anterior
cruciate ligament is a major one and connects the thighbone to the shinbone.
This ligament stays at risk of getting torn due to several activities. For
example, sports having sudden stops or changes in direction like volleyball,
tennis, soccer, and basketball. ACL can't heal on its own as there is an
absence of blood supply in it. In many cases of torn ACL, it becomes important
to have orthopedic surgery. So, during ACL reconstruction, the ligament will be
removed and replaced by a piece of tendon. Tendon is also a connective tissue
but it connects muscles to bones. That tendon can be grafted from another body
part or by a departed donor. This procedure is usually performed with the help
of arthroscopy.
4. Fracture Repair Surgery
Usually,
a broken bone is treated with approaches like splinting, bracing, or casting.
But, when it doesn't heal properly with such approaches, there will be a need
for a surgical repair. One of the ordinary kinds of orthopedic surgery
treatment to repair fractures is an internal fixation. Here, the broken pieces
of bone are restored to their original place with the help of rods, pins,
screws, and plates.
5. Joint Fusion Surgery
This
procedure is advised to patients suffering from arthritis-a joint inflammation
disease. When the movement of the joint brings pain and conservative methods
don't work in the patient's favor, it comes under use. During the procedure, the
surgeon removes the damaged joint tissue and cuts off the ends of the bones
that assemble at the joint. Thereafter, he fuses them with the help of internal
fixation. The method of fusing may also include the presence of plates, pins,
and some other stuff. After the completion of the surgery, two bones will
develop into a solid one. Joint fusion surgery is commonly performed in the
thumb, foot, ankle, finger, or spine.
6. Spinal Surgeries
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